![]() As such, flow theory has been used to describe the conditions of an “optimal experience.” These experiences are primarily characterized by a specific, deliberate (i.e., not accidental) activity that requires an optimal amount of an individual's (cognitive) resources. Flow theory attempts to understand the intrinsic motivations that underlie a person's engagement in creative, enjoyable, and challenging tasks. Since its beginnings, Csikszentmihalyi's ( 1990) theory of human happiness, balance, and optimal experience has been commonly accepted as the most influential root of the flow construct and is today known as flow theory. It first appeared in the 1960s within a branch of psychological science known as positive psychology following the humanistic perspectives of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Future flow research within media psychology will likely take advantage of this neurocognitive theorizing along with innovative analytical approaches within the cognitive sciences like network neuroscience.įlow is a psychological construct. Ensuing theorizing introduced neurocognitive conceptualizations of the flow construct in the mid- to late 2000s with the transient hypofrontality hypothesis and the synchronization theory of flow as the two most influential conceptualizations within media psychology. ![]() Sherry introduced the flow construct to media psychological research in the early 2000s with the goal of explaining individual differences in media enjoyment. Flow is characterized by six specific traits: balance between an individual's skills and an activity's challenge, focused attention, temporal distortion, task enjoyment, intrinsic motivation, and the transition of an individual's mental state from self-centeredness to self-transcendence. ![]() Csikszentmihalyi's theory of human happiness, balance, and optimal experience is today known as flow theory. The flow construct first appeared within humanistic perspectives in psychology in the 1960s. ![]()
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